Theoretical and applied research

Introduction. At the end of 2022, the academic and pedagogical community around the world was concerned about the launch of ChatGPT, a chatbot with artificial intelligence and extensive automatic text generation capabilities, which were instantly and effectively tested by individual students, but for not the noblest purposes. Along with the concern, an understanding appeared that the matter of the pedagogical capabilities of ChatGPT for the development of cognitive activity of students is extremely relevant and requires careful study, and the use of artificial intelligence in education opens up many prospects. Aim. To  investigate the pedagogical opportunities of  neural networks, exemplified by ChatGPT, for the development of cognitive activity of higher education students. Methods. Theoretical sociological methods (analysis, synthesis, generalisation, induction, and deduction) and general scientific methods of  empirical research (pedagogical observation, description, survey). Results. The research provides a definition of the concept “cognitive activity.” Pedagogical opportunities of  using ChatGPT for cognitive activity development are identified, especially those related to  information search, perception, and processing: fostering critical thinking, creativity, cognitive interest, motivation to learn, reflexivity, and skills development related to  individual disciplines. The advantages and disadvantages of using ChatGPT in the educational process are studied. Scientific novelty. At  present, numerous studies focus on  the application of  neural networks in various fields, yet the use of such networks in education is a relatively new direction. This work aims to identify new approaches to teaching and fostering cognitive activity of students, ultimately enhancing the effectiveness of education. Practical significance. The investigation of  the pedagogical potential of  ChatGPT for the development of  cognitive activity in  students has practical significance for refining teaching and education methods, devising new educational models, and improving the quality of education and cognitive skills development of students. The research findings can be utilised by educators, curriculum designers, and technology developers to enhance existing teaching methods, create new ones, and broaden the boundaries of knowledge. Furthermore, the research results can be applied to the development of intellectual systems.

Introduction. Over the past decade, there has been a  steady increase in  state and public attention to  the problems of  professional orientation in  Russia. The specifics of career guidance work with children and youth require the allocation of a new distinct area of career guidance, educational career guidance, which differs in its goals, content, principles, forms, and methods from other areas such as  advisory and influencing career guidance. Aim. To present a brief systematic description of educational career guidance as one of the modern paradigms of career guidance work. Methods. The author’s ten-year research work in this field was based on a wide range of theoretical and empirical methods, including conceptualisation, large-scale experimental work in various regions of the Russian Federation, pedagogical forecasting. Results. A holistic scientific concept of educational career guidance as a distinct professional orientation paradigm has been formed. A scientific description of the goals and results, principles, and tools of educational career guidance is presented. Scientific novelty. The differentiation of educational career guidance relative to other professional orientation paradigms—advisory and influencing—is substantiated. Deep interrelation of educational career guidance with the idea of lifelong learning is shown. Practical significance. A complex of effective forms and methods of educational career guidance has been formed. Innovative regional models ensuring effectiveness of  the support of  the professional self-determination of  children and youth are presented. An approach to solving the personnel problem in educational career guidance is outlined.

Introduction. High school students are expected to  define themselves in  terms of vocational preference. Having estimated their readiness for self-determination, it is possible to allocate different groups, with specific psychological and pedagogical support for each group. Aim. To identify differences in readiness for professional self-determination between finalists of professionally-oriented contests and their peers not participating in analogous events. Methods. Quantitative data analysis on  the basis of  the test kit “Professional readiness” (or “How I  Choose a  Profession”) developed by  the team of  researchers of  the Center for Testing and Development “Humanitarian Technologies” was applied. Results. The level of psychological readiness for professional self-determination among adolescents-finalists of the WorldSkills contests of professional competence and among the adolescents-finalists of The National Technology Initiative Contest by many indicators is higher compared to their peers, students of 8–11th grades of secondary school, who did not participate in these contests. Scientific novelty. The adolescents, finalists of professionally-oriented contests, compared with their peers who did not take part in such competitions have higher scores on self-esteem and independence scales; they know more about professions and the Russian education system; they have fewer stereotypes and misconceptions about choosing a profession; they took more steps towards professional self-determination. Practical significance. The results of the study can be applied by psychologists, class teachers, tutors, teachers of additional education in career guidance, consulting and educational work with schoolchildren and their parents.

Introduction. At  present, research-based learning is  one of  the most popular contemporary training methods for secondary vocational education teachers. The paper shows the possibility of using one of these technologies, namely corpus-based learning, for the formation of professionally significant competencies. Aim. To describe the technology of using corpus data to train documentary linguistics students.  Methods. The analysis of regulatory and legal documentation, as well as educational and methodological literature was carried out. The tools of corpus linguistics were used as  teaching tools, namely: distributive analysis for characterizing the combinability of  words, quantitative analysis for determining the frequency of  words and phrases in general and in a particular type of texts. In addition, a content analysis of students’ research works was carried out. Results. The article provides evidence of the effectiveness of corpus-based learning for the formation of students’ research and language competencies. This technology also allows one to  expand the repertoire of  students’ skills and knowledge, and stimulate intra-activity motivation of learning. Scientific novelty. The article is  the first one to  describe the technology of  applying methods of  corpus linguistics to  teaching documentary linguistics, and even to  form communicative competence among documentary linguistics students  — future teachers of the secondary vocational education system. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used to train vocational education teachers and to teach documentary linguistics.

Introduction. The relevance of the study is connected to the decrease in the motivation of MA students majoring in Economics to improve professionally oriented foreign language communicative competence in a situation of limited international cooperation. The motivation in this case can be stimulated by engaging in research activities, where success is largely due to knowledge of foreign languages. Aim. To analyse the results of the implementation of the research article writing technology in the educational process and to reveal its potential in increasing the motivation of MA students to learn a professional foreign language. Methods. Questionnaires, interviews, a survey, and analytical method, as well as elementary statistical methods of processing the data obtained were used. First year MA students of the Ural State University of Economics (60 participants) took part in the survey.  Results. Only one third of the respondents consider English to be an important factor,  contributing to their professional development. When assessing the implementation of the educational technology “research article writing” in the learning process, the absolute majority of the respondents recognised this experience as useful because of the possibility to consider issues of their professional interest by means of a foreign language.  Scientific novelty. The potential of writing a scientific article as a motivation for students to learn foreign languages in conditions of limited international cooperation is demonstrated. Practical significance. The results obtained provide a strategy for increasing the motivation of MA students to learn a professional foreign language.

Introduction. The demand for graduates in the labour market is one of the important criteria for the social well-being of young people, as well as assessing the quality of educational services provided by  an educational institution. Due to  the digitalization of socio-economic processes, employers have to adjust the requirements for graduates, thus updating the issues of practical training of IT-specialists. Changing demands of the labour market should provide a basis for the transformation of educational programs in the context of practice-oriented learning model. Aim. To present a model for assessing the practice orientation of the main educational programmes of secondary vocational education, taking into account changes in the labour market and employers’ requirements for graduates. Methods. Bibliographic analysis of scientific publications on the research topic, analysis of the data from the websites of online recruiting services, analysis of existing educational programmes for training IT specialists. Results. A model of criteria for assessing the practical orientation of the main vocational educational programmes for training IT specialists was formulated. The issues of the continuity of educational programmes in the systems of secondary vocational education and higher education are considered. Scientific novelty. The multifactorial nature of  the presented model for assessing the practical orientation of educational programmes allows for consideration of the changes in the requirements of the labour market. Practical significance. A model proposed to assess the practical orientation of basic professional educational programs is available for external evaluation of the quality of graduates’ training, as well as for self-evaluation of educational institutions.

Introduction. The study of the relationship between cognitive and personal prerequisites that determine the success of the educational activities of students-preventologists becomes more and more relevant due to digitalisation, the need to transform education, and the transition to innovative learning models. The problem of determining learning and the factors that determine its success is one of the classic problems for any level of education. The discovery of effective learning strategies for students is relevant for substantiating further models of the educational process.  Aim. To study the relationship between cognitive and personal prerequisites that determine the success of the educational activities of students-preventologists. Methods. The results of an empirical study (2021) are presented. The sample consisted of 74 people, mainly MA students from the department of “Organization of work with youth”, Ural Federal University. Among the methods used were Myers–Briggs Type Indicator, adapted by  E. F.Abelskaya, Wonderlic Personnel Test–Quicktest (WPT–Q), and the Universal Intellectual Test (UIT SCH-M). The data obtained were processed using the method of mathematical statistics (Spearman correlation analysis, analysis of variance). Results. The progress of students-preventologists depends on a number of intellectual characteristics and is determined by certain personality traits that are typical for specialists in helping professions. The student’s personality type is a mediating link to their success: the most successful in learning are such psychotypes as Initiator, Intermediary, Keeper, Politician, Humanist, Mentor, and Enthusiast. Scientific novelty. The progress of students is due to a number of intellectual characteristics and is only indirectly determined by personality traits. It has been established that people of each personality type in the educational process chooses their own strategy for solving problems in connection with their intellectual characteristics, which indicates the presence of specific strategies for achieving success in learning. Practical significance. The results of the study provide an opportunity to personalize recommendations for improving the success of academic activities of students, considering the personality type.

Introduction. Due to the increasing intensity of teachers’ work, it is advisable to pay special attention to traumatic psycho-emotional consequences, which include emotional burnout that has a noticeable negative impact on the health of the individual. Aim. To identify the possible impact of the emotional burnout syndrome on the overall well-being of secondary school teachers. Methods. The study is based on the results of the testing conducted according to the techniques “Burnout Questionnaire (MMI)” and “Index of  general (good) well-being” (WHO5, Well-Being Index, WHO). Statistical analysis (SPSS Statistics version 22) and Spearman's nonparametric correlation method were used to interpret the test results. Results. A moderate direct relationship between emotional burnout and the general well-being of  the individual was revealed. It  is noted that emotional burnout affects the overall well-being of teachers, the consequences of which are deterioration of the general well-being, decreased activity, increased anxiety, emotional exhaustion. Scientific novelty. Possible impact of  emotional burnout on  the general well-being of an individual was studied in the context of emotional and physical well-being of a modern secondary school teacher. Practical significance. The obtained results can be  used in  the development of  programmes for the prevention and correction of  the consequences of  emotional burnout of teachers.

Introduction. Due to  the imposition of  sanctions and the development of  import substitution at  Russian enterprises, not only is  the nomenclature of  the equipment used changing, but in  many cases the technological processes are also changing. This is  a serious challenge to  adapt to  the new economic conditions by  realigning with compatible equipment and technologies.

Aim: to define the degree of readiness of  Russian educational organisations implementing secondary vocational education programmes to solve the problems of renewal and import substitution, based on the data obtained during an empirical study. 

Methods. Empirical data were collected using an electronic questionnaire form, which included 22 closed questions. The processing of the obtained primary results was carried out on the basis of cluster analysis. 

Results. It has been revealed that vocational education organisations are not adequately prepared to address the issue of updating equipment in the context of the achievement of technological sovereignty by the Russian Federation. The contribution of employers to  the process of  updating equipment in  educational institutions turned out to  be significantly less than expected. The use of  certain management strategies by  an educational organisation has little effect on  the quality of  its material and technical support. The key determinant is its location in a financially prosperous region and access to regional sources of financing. 

Scientific novelty. The nature and degree of  influence of  various factors on  the effectiveness of equipment renewal and import substitution processes in educational organisations implementing secondary vocational education programmes are revealed. The differences in  the created conditions and management strategies used by  educational organisations to  solve logistical problems (diversification of  financing channels, cooperation with employers, import substitution planning, personnel training) are characterised. 

Practical significance. A  set of  conditions and management strategies have been defined to  ensure an  increase in  the efficiency of  equipment renewal and import substitution processes. The current problem areas in the management of material and technical support of the secondary vocational education system are identified.

Introduction. The current stage of  the development of  the educational process is  associated with the active development of  various types of  digital tools, resources and services, under the influence of which methods and learning goals are transformed. Excessive attention to  digital educational tools, their convergent nature, insufficient scientific reflection on  the processes of  digital transformation and the uncertainty of terminology are factors due to which changes in the human (didactic) component of the educational process remain in the shadows. 

Aim: to substantiate the significance of born-digital pedagogical technologies as one of the central categories of modern didactics. 

Methods. A  set of  empirical and theoretical methods was used, including analysis of  literary sources, participant observation, problematisation, analysis and synthesis, classification and systematisation. 

Results. A  detailed description of  the phenomenon of  ‘born-digital pedagogical technologies’, which is in the relationship of convergence with digital products (Ed Tech) through which there are being realised is given. 

Scientific novelty. Approaches to  the classification of  born-digital pedagogical technologies are proposed. The idea of  instrumental and supra-instrumental borndigital pedagogical technologies is introduced. 

Practical significance. The possible bifurcation in the development of the teacher’s professional activity model in the context of digital transformation is demonstrated: either the preservation of the traditional multifunctional pedagogical position or its reduction to the role of an ‘operator’ of digital tools. The lack of attention to born-digital pedagogical technologies serves as a factor that amplifies the risk of such reduction.

Introduction. In historical terms, the convergence of pedagogical and production factors, ‘laws of  production’ and ‘laws of  pedagogy’ and, finally, pedagogical and technical knowledge has always been a stumbling block in solving the problem of preparing a person for work and professional activity. Historical logical analysis provides an opportunity for a holistic vision of this interaction, which, in turn, allows using its laws in the modern practice of vocational education, which includes all stages of professional development- option, professional training, adaptation, professionalisation, professional excellence. 

The aim of the study is to develop a heuristic base for studying on the basis of historical and pedagogical analysis the problem of convergence of pedagogical and production factors as the most important tool for improving the educational and spatial environment and the personal and professional development of its subjects. 

Methods. The study used theoretical and methodological analysis of  the semantic and meaningful content of  the subject field of  research, synthesis of  the information received, inductive method in the study of the convergence of pedagogical and production factors. The starting methodological point of the study is the idea of dialectical dualism, which recognises the equivalence of opposites. 

Results. The heuristic foundations for the development of the convergence of pedagogical and production factors have been laid as the leading mechanism for improving the system of vocational training, as well as a toolkit for the phylogenetic and ontogenetic development of a person. 

Scientific novelty. A  scientific hypothesis about the leading role of  the convergence of pedagogical and production factors in the historical and individual development of a person is proposed. 

Practical significance. The results of the study can be used by teachers and heads of educational institutions to improve teaching and upbringing methods.

Introduction. The creation of the State labour reserves in the 1940s was accompanied by the formation of a specific socio-cultural environment that, to date, remains practically unexplored. At the same time, many elements of the subculture were quite distinct from the official image of a student formed by the labour reserves system. 

Aim. To  identify sociocultural markers, i.e. the most significant characteristics of  the subculture, which make it possible to characterise the typical features of the official and informal portrait of students in the state labour reserves. 

Methods. The study employed a  subcultural approach that emphasised the commonality of  intra-subcultural worldview foundations that perform a  “fastening” function of integrating students of state labour reserves into a single and sustainable education. The study used: 1) historical-comparative and historical-system methods aimed at  reconstructing the image of  a student of  the state labour reserves; 2) the synthesis of macro and micro approaches to historical research aimed at identifying the behavioural practices of an individual in a social group; 3) sociological research methods that allow revealing the content essence of  the markers of  the portrait of  students, identified on  the basis of  the analysis of  various sources (official documents, egodocuments, works of fiction, visual and other historical sources). 

Results. Indicators are proposed for the reconstruction of  the “formal” and “informal” portrait of students in the system of state labour reserves (1940-1950s) through the use of four categories of socio-cultural markers (socio-demographic characteristics, cultural values and mental characteristics, behavioural practices and appearance), allowing to recreate the image of students as representatives of the youth subculture in a more succinct manner. 

Scientific novelty. The basis for the reconstruction of  the socio-cultural portrait of students of the state labour reserves in the 1940s-1950s is presented in the optics of markers of “formal” and “informal”. 

Practical significance. The results of  the study can be  applied in  the study of  the evolution of the system of vocational education.

Introduction. As part of the improvement of practice-oriented foreign language training of an IT industry specialist in the system of secondary vocational education, the need for the formation of a foreign language skill focused on a professional foreign language context has become more acute. It is a necessary tool in the professional activity of a future IT specialist to perform real production operations with foreign-language teams. 

Aim. Substantiation of  the approach to  the context-oriented foreign language skill as an necessary system-forming element in the training of IT specialists, which is, in turn, an integral system education consisting of interrelated components. 

Methods. The methodological basis of the study was a systematic approach, which allowed to specify the characteristics of the concept of ‘context-oriented foreign language skill. Main research methods: analysis of scientific articles that study the algorithm for the formation of foreign language skills. 

Results. The necessity of the presence of a foreign language skill in the maintenance of professional competence and labor function of a future IT-industry specialist is substantiated. The efficiency of the approach to a foreign language skill as an integral system education, the structure of  which is  formed by  interrelated contextual, content, technological and activity components, is demonstrated by the example of a set of reference exercises “English for IT-specialist”. 

Scientific novelty. The contextual component, which is not always taken into account when studying a foreign language for professional purposes, is considered as an obligatory system-forming factor in the formation of a foreign language skill. 

Practical significance. The structure of  the text-oriented foreign language skill presented in  the article makes it  possible to  improve the professionally-oriented foreign language training of an IT-specialist within the framework of the discipline “Foreign language in the professional activity” introduced into the curriculum.

Introduction. The relevance of  this study stems from the observed tendency in  the labour market, where there is  a shortage of  specialised personnel in  the IT field. Simultaneously, the practice of  small start-ups and large IT companies reveals that a more acute management issue is the inefficiency of measures aimed at retaining newly hired specialised and qualified employees who would meet professional requirements and contribute significantly to enhancing the competitiveness of the organisation. The peak of employee layoffs occurs during their onboarding stage. 

Aim. To identify and describe the key management processes that facilitate the successful onboarding of specialised employees into an IT company, as well as to establish criteria for assessing the effectiveness of implementing these processes. 

Methods. Among the methods used were: secondary analysis of  empirical research results, content analysis of  scientific publications and specialised articles in  open Internet sources. 

Results. The significance of  adopting a  systematic and integrated approach to implementing the process of onboarding and retaining new specialised employees in an IT company is indicated. It is established that the process of integrating specialised employees into the organisation comprises two essential and interrelated managerial sub-processes: adaptation and probation. The criteria for assessing the effectiveness of  key management processes that ensure the successful onboarding of  specialised employees into an IT company are described. 

Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of  the research lies in  the highlighted key interrelated and complementary management processes of  onboarding specialised employees into an  IT company, as  well as  the criteria for their effectiveness that are identified and described. 

Practical significance. The results of the study can be used by managers and specialists who ensure the processes of  attracting and retaining specialised employees in  an IT company.

Introduction. In the context of sanctions restrictions, ensuring the technological sovereignty of several sectors of the domestic economy has become crucial. Therefore, it is essential to align the volume and structure of training of mid-level specialists with the needs of economic development in the regions. Staffing the implementation of technological sovereignty projects is as important as the availability and large-scale dissemination of domestic technologies for their successful implementation. 

The aim of the study is to analyse the compliance of the structure of training personnel with secondary vocational education with the needs of economic development in the framework of the implementation of technological sovereignty projects. 

Methods. The study used a comparative analysis of the results of monitoring by the Federal Service for Labour and Employment on  the employment of  graduates who have completed secondary vocational education programmes, federal statistical observation data on the form of SPO-1 for 2017–2022, and materials of sociological surveys on the motives of  employment of  graduates of  secondary vocational education. For greater clarity, the results are presented in the form of infographics. 

Results. The study revealed significant imbalances between the volume and structure of training of mid-level specialists with the current and future needs of the economy in several subjects of the Russian Federation. The analysis also revealed regional heterogeneity in the employment of graduates of secondary vocational education and training programmes for mid-level specialists. Based on data on the needs of regional economies, the study estimated staffing needs for industries and formulated tasks for the system of secondary vocational education to train personnel for industries implementing technological sovereignty projects.

Practical significance. The findings can be used to make managerial decisions at both vocational education organisations and regional levels in  terms of  synchronising the training system of vocational education organisations in the labour market in the context of changing economy

Introduction. The changing requirements of jobs due to sanctions pressure and structural transformations of regional economies have created an urgent need for additional vocational education (AVE) and vocational training. It is important to match the training profile of employees with these changing requirements. This article focuses on the depth and direction of changes that have occurred in recent years in regional upskilling and retraining systems for personnel with applied qualifications, as well as their compliance with ongoing transformations in personnel demand in the labour markets. 

The aim of the article is to describe the development trends of upskilling and retraining systems for personnel with applied qualifications in the context of transformations in the qualification demand in regional labour markets. 

Methods. Information sources used in this study include Forms of the Federal Statistical Observation No. 1-PK, No. PO, No. SPO-1, No. SPO-2. Research tools used include indicators that characterise various aspects of the process and results of the implementation of programmes for further vocational education and professional training of personnel with applied qualifications in the observation period of 2019-2022. 

Results. The study revealed an increase in the effective demand of the population for AVE programmes, which is one of the symptoms of the ongoing structural transformations of  the Russian economy that determine the conversion of  demand parameters for qualifications. These changes are specifically regional in nature, since not all sectors of the economy are being restructured, and this fact is not reflected in all segments of labour markets. The all-Russian trends are the blurring of boundaries between organisations of various types that implement additional programmes for professionals, as well as  the insufficient use of  AVE resources to  strengthen the compliance of  the quality of training with the requirements of jobs in the labour markets.

Scientific novelty. The study established general and specific (regionally determined) development trends of  upskilling and retraining systems for personnel with applied qualifications. It  also showed their discrepancy with the dynamics of  changes in  the qualification demand in the regional labour markets. 

Practical significance. AVE and vocational training programmes can be used as an effective tool for “tuning” regional systems for training personnel with applied qualifications in accordance with the changing requirements of the labour markets.

Introduction. Over the past three decades, there has been a significant decline in the involvement of enterprises in the secondary vocational education system. This has led to the need for new management tools as traditional command-and-control methods have proven ineffective. To  address this issue, comparative analysis of  successful and unsuccessful interactions between foreign vocational education systems and enterprises is needed. 

The aim of the article is to test the comparative analysis methodology on the example of three different countries, to identify successful and unsuccessful managerial solutions, implementation practices, and set of conditions and prerequisites. 

Methods. The study was conducted in four stages using theoretical and methodological analysis, comparative analysis, hypotheses, evaluation, and generalisation methods. Management systems of countries sharing a number of characteristics with Russia were selected as objects of analysis: US, UK, and South Korea. 

Results. Through comparative analysis of  interaction process between vocational education systems and enterprises, a  system of  measures that creates favourable conditions for businesses, educational organisations, and students has been identified. This system includes a comprehensive set of managerial decisions: pedagogical (creating a set of practice-oriented educational standards and methodological support for their implementation), normative (detailed algorithm of  behaviour for all parties involved, delineation of  rights and responsibilities, description of  dispute resolution methods to  eliminate ambiguity in  relationships), organisational (infrastructure of  responsible government bodies, electronic platform solutions and consulting resources that provide supportive functions), and economic (developed economic model of  interaction between parties, targeted funds, and subsidies for enterprise expenses).

Scientific novelty. The study has developed a  theoretical and methodological management model for the interaction between pre-university vocational education systems and enterprises to train apprentices. It includes a set of pedagogical, regulatory, legal, organisational, and economic conditions. 

Practical significance. The methodology for conducting international comparative analysis of  state systems regulating the relations between vocational education and business has been developed and tested. Information on  the key policy components to involve an enterprise into the personnel training process and into decision-making process within vocational education system has been obtained.

Introduction. The purpose of this article is to examine the need for a career guidance minimum for organising career guidance systems for students in grades 6-11. It discusses the concept of professional self-determination support, challenges in implementing pedagogical support for professional self-determination, and the aims and principles of  the career guidance minimum. The article also establishes organisational and methodical conditions and possible work formats, as well as a model for career guidance with students in grades 6-11. 

The aim of the article is to justify the methodology of the career guidance minimum, its key organisational and methodical elements, and to  initiate academic discussions on the introduction of the career guidance minimum. 

Methods. The research methodology involved analysing factual sources and conceptual bases of the Federal Project “Career Guidance Minimum” through generalisation of current trends, concept analysis, and academic publications on career guidance counselling. 

Results. The article argues for the need to  introduce a  career guidance model that provides a set of career guidance events available to every child in Russian Federation. It  justifies the forms and contents of  this set and assesses the viability of  implementation of  career guidance model within school frameworks. The article also assesses an approach called “educational career guidance,” analyses risks of implementation, and provides methodological recommendations for implementing the career guidance minimum in schools.

Practical relevance. The article draws attention to the concept of introducing a career guidance minimum as  a uniform approach to  career guidance counselling in  Russia. It  benefits vocational and higher education establishments, employer undertakings, students and their families, and educational establishments that implement primary general and secondary general educational programmes.

Introduction. An  important innovative trend in  modern pedagogy is  the personalisation of  education, which involves creating a  personal strategy for professional and life development. This strategy is built based on the development of skills and competencies necessary for each individual student, ensuring their successful entry into the field of professional activity. The subjective position of the student and teacher — the main participants in educational relations, and the development of subjectivity — is a leading attribute of personalisation, with the development of subjectivity being a key result of personalised education. As such, personalised learning and the development of personalised educational trajectories for students is an urgent task education is facing today, requiring a transition to new learning formats and systematic updating of pedagogical practices and evaluation of learning outcomes. 

The aim of the article is to determine based on the results of theoretical and methodological analysis and experimental research how personalised education is related to the self-realisation of both the student and teacher. Specifically, the authors aim to establish the teacher’s readiness for self-actualisation and self-realisation in their professional activity in the context of personalised learning. 

Methods. The study used theoretical and methodological analysis of  the literature, as  well as  methods for studying predictors of  subjectivity, including the level of  development by  A.M. Shchukina, the test of  life orientations by  D.A. Leontiev, the level of subjective control by E. F.Bazhin, E.A.Golynkina, A.M. Etkind, the type and level of professional self-realisation by E.A.Gavrilova. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using descriptive statistics methods via the statistical information processing software package SPSS Statistics 21; correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted through a step-by-step method. 

Results. The results showed positive relationships between indicators of  subjectivity and the level of  professional self-realisation of  teachers, highlighting the influence of  personalisation on  a teacher’s professional self-realisation. Personalised education creates conditions for the development of  subjectivity, with varying degrees of  influence on individual components. 

Scientific novelty. The process of transforming the education system using personalised learning is just beginning and requires further scientific and practical development. 

Practical significance. The study of  the effect subjectivity developed during personalised education has on the professional self-realisation of teachers can be applied in the study of the subjectivity of schoolchildren and students, representatives of other socioenomic professions, professions of other types, as well as in the study of other significant predictors of professional self-realisation

Introduction. The domestic vocational school is currently undergoing modernisation due to the growing shortage of workers, the introduction of the “professionalitet” project, and the need for accelerated training of workers in conditions of more effective interaction between colleges and enterprises. In these conditions, a dual approach is becoming one of the leading vectors for training workers, and mutual representation – one of the main conditions for the success of competency transformation. 

Aim. To demonstrate the relevance to modern vocational education, including professionalitet programs, of the results of an experiment on the training of highly qualified workers in the process of competencies transformation through mutual representation involving a teacher from an educational institution, a mentor from an enterprise, and students. 

Methods. The total duration of the experiment, on the results of which the study was based, was 14 years (from 1995 to 2009). The study used methods such as analysing scientific literature, mentoring experience, conversations, surveys, questionnaires, pedagogical observations, systematisation and generalisation of results, timekeeping, and mathematical statistics. 

Results. A model has been developed, and organisational and pedagogical conditions have been determined for competency transformation through mutual mentoring using joint human, material, technical, and other resources to ensure the effectiveness of interaction between the educational institution and the relevant enterprise in joint training of highly qualified workers. 

Scientific novelty. The study proves that mutual mentoring in a personality-oriented approach based on dual interaction is one of the conditions for competency transformation in joint training in secondary vocational education system. 

Practical significance. The proposed model and organisational pedagogical conditions for competency transformation can be used by vocational educational organisations in the development of partnership programmes with employers aimed at joint training of highly demanded workers, including professional development programmes.

Introduction. The digital economy has led to the emergence of new forms of education and made information more accessible. As a result, the need for educational institutions to conduct marketing activities in order to promote their services has appeared. At the same time, the organisation, functioning process and management features of the marketing system of the university remain insufficiently studied. 

The aim of the article is to systematise the developments in the field of research of the marketing complex of higher education organisations, to emphasise their relationship with the marketing assets of  the university, and to  describe the qualitative composition of the latter. To prepare recommendations for the integration of holistic marketing principles into the management process of the marketing system of the organisation, to justify the prospects and usefulness of such integration. 

Methods. In the course of the research, theoretical methods of analysis and synthesis, methods of  conceptual and figurative modelling were used, as  well as  the scripting method and the Foresight method. 

Results. Scientific approaches to managing the marketing complex of educational organisations, which form their marketing assets, have been systematised. 

Scientific novelty. The authors propose and justify transforming the approach to managing university marketing systems by integrating marketing management principles that link management decisions with the current state and dynamics of marketing assets. 

Practical significance. The study offers practical ways to improve the quality of marketing assets available to educational organisations, which can increase the attractiveness of their offerings. The study also provides tools for predicting the potentially achievable results of modernisation efforts.

Introduction. Over recent decades, numerous dissertations have been defended, directly or indirectly related to the problems of adapting Chinese students to the Russian educational environment. The theoretical concepts and practical conclusions presented in these dissertations have not yet been analysed and presented in a comprehensive/project format. 

The aim of the article is to justify the emerging behavioural and cultural model in the process of adapting Chinese students to the Russian educational environment as the basis for the formation of a Russian-Chinese-English communication culture that contributes to  the development of  sustainable worldviews in  education, science, society, economics, culture, ethnicity, and other areas. 

Methods. Content analysis of abstracts of dissertations by Russian and Chinese authors submitted for defence from 2001 to 2021. 

Results. The authors identified the need for a comprehensive study of ideological and cultural characteristics of modern Russian and Chinese youth. The authors propose the creation and development of a Russian-Chinese-English-speaking culture of communication based on educational activities of educational organisations. Scientific and practical significance. Theoretical and methodological justifications and revealed regularities of the process of Chinese students’ adaptation can be used to develop a university development programme.